Lock bolt



, 1947} w 5. cl GEORGE 2,425,464

Patented Aug. 12, 1947 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

The present invention relates to lock nuts and bolts, and more particularly to a' cooperatingnut and captiv 'lock washer, and a captive bolt adapted to be positioned against turning in its hole.

An object of the invention is to provide a headless bolt rwith threaded means on each end for carrying a turnable nut.

Another object is to provide a threaded bolt with means for holding it captive against turning in its hole.

Afurther object is to provide anut with means on its engaging face for holding a standard lock washer against turning relative thereto.

-A still further object is to provide a standard lock washer of relatively hard material in combination with a cooperating washer of softer material surrounding it and having means thereon preventing relative movement of said washers.

Yet another object is to provide a watertight seal between a headless bolt and a head nut therefor.

Finally, an object is to combine all or part of these features into a method and means for bolting anything together in a positive permanent manner which will defy vibration to loosen it prematurely, which will prevent the bolt turningin its hol automatically while applying the holding nuts,.and which will provide a watertightseal'from at least one side.

'All these and other objects, as suggested herebelow, are attained by the method and means now to be described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the headless bolt of this invention, showing a means for locking same against turning in its hole.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional View of a bolt showing an alternate means of providing the captive or non-turning feature thereto, as 'by swedging a continuously-threaded rod.

Figure 3 is a side-elevational view, and Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of one form of nut, showing a means on its base for holding captive against turning a standard lock washer.

Figure 5 is a side-elevational view of another form of nut equipped with a recess for a standard lock washer and means for holding it captive relative thereto.

Figure 6 is a bottom plan view of the nut of Figure 5.

Figure '7 is a side-elevational view, and Figure in combination with a standard lock washer for preventing turning of the latter relative thereto, and also, perhaps, as a water-tight sealing aid.

Figure 9 is a side-elevational assembly view, partly in phantom, of the completely assembled bolt-nut-and-washers combination as applied, for instance, in permanently holding overlapping ships plates in a water-tight non-loosening manner.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views.

The captive bolt of this invention as shown in Figure "1, may consist of a threaded bolt Ill with a non-threaded portion I2 intermediate its ends and remote from one end a distance substantially equal to the thickness of the nut to be applied thereto to form a tightening element or head thereof. Extending outwardly from portion 12 are an 'equi-spaced plurality of boltholding ridges I 3, preferably triangular in crosssection, and tapering downwardly and inwardly toward thebolts center to disappear completely at that near edge, as clearly disclosed. These tapering ridges permit the bolt to be held captive in its'hole,-for when the bolt is tapped on its end with a hammer, ridges l3 out slight keyways in the holes wall and at the same time swedge themselves into tight binding engagement therewith to completely and jammingly fit the somewhat larger hole, to thus prevent turning until later tapped out from the other direction when removing same, which operation will be aided by their taper. The head end of the bolt at least, or both ends as here shown, is slightly rounded over the end portion of the bolt as at I5a to aid the watertight seal.

An'alter'native means of forming this captive feature is shown in Figure 2, wherein the threaded portion I0 is first made continuous, after which the ridges [4, shown as shaped as 13 in Figure 1, are swedged outwardly by utilizing the threaded stock itself and flattening it out somewhat as shown in the portion between the ridges.

The nut shown in Figures 3 and 4, and which may be used for the bolt head, may be hexagonalshaped near its base, as at IS, with a rounded upper portion as shown, and the usual threaded bore I6 to engage the threads of bolt Ill. Radial spaced grooves I! are formed in the base as shown to permit the resilient locking end of the standard lock washer to be caught therein and 50 held against relative movement therewith. Thereafter the nut is brought up tight against the work (for instance, the ships plates 25-26) by taking'up on the other or tightening nut.

The nut shown in Figure 5, and which may be type head nuts etc.

r the tightening mt, is similar in shape to that of Figure 3, except that it has a washer-like base portion 23 projecting from the hexagonal portion 2|, through both portions of which threaded hole 22 extends. In the base portion 23 a circular recess 24 is formed, of a diameter and depth to admit a standard lock washer 20, and completely enclose it. Washer-holding grooves are formed in the base of recess 24 similar to those at ll in Figure 4. Also the peripheraledge of this recess may be tapered inwardly and of a diameter to snugly fit the peripheral edge of the lock washer to hold it tightly in place when theparts are screwed together.

When the washer shown at I8 is used it may have a number of prongs I9 formed thereon and directed inwardly to engage the bolt 10 and main tain the washer concentric therewith, thereby permitting the same to be made much narrower than would be the case if made in the customary way and making the saving of material very considerable. V

It*wi11 be understood, of course, that the nut types described above may be reversed on. the bolt ends, or either type may be used on both ends.

Some such material as a rust-proof lacquer maybe applied to the bolt and nuts, including their threads, which will make the joint between the two water-tight as well.

Great economies are efiected by use of this iheadlessbolt stem, with nuts, permitting carrying less parts in stock since different bolt lengths .are obtainable by cutting off from lengths of threaded bolt stock. And different type heads are'also obtainable by simply applying different Kinking or slipping of the lock washer is prevented by this construction, .and it is more easily applied because held captive in the assembly. Taking up on nuts at both ends results in more uniform gripping action, and idouble'tension, which absorbs all shrinkage of material and prevents chattering or coming loose. The ideal combination of bolt stock and length, head nut and fastening nut, and washers, may be readily assembled for any particular job, with minimum purchase of parts.

Having now described'the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1, In combination, a pair of.juxtapositioned plates having axially aligned holes therethrough, a headless bolt threaded at each. end positioned in the holes and provided with means on its central portion to seat in the hole wall to prevent its turning when nuts are screwed thereon and comprising ridges tapering centrally from one end so that they may be driven into fixed engagement with the hole wall, a nut screwed on each end of the bolt, and means operative to prevent unintentional displacement of the nuts on th bolt said latter means comprising a flat washer disposed between each plate and its adjacent nut and having substantially fiat, inwardly extending, prong means therein, and further having a split, lock washer seated within said fiat washer with its split end located adjacent an edge of said prong means, the combined thick ness of said prong means and lock washer not exceeding that of the encirclingflat washer. 2. A composite washer assembly comprising a flat washer having substantially flat, inwardly extending prong means therein and having a split, lock washer seated within'said fiat washer with its split end located adjacent an edge of said pron means, the combined thickness of said lock washer and prong means not exceeding that of the encircling flat washer, whereby said com posite washer may be disposed on a shaft be-- tween a flat surface and a mounted nut to completely seal the space therebetween against entrance of moisture.

, 3.--In combination, a pair of juxtapositioned plates having axially aligned holestherethrough,

a bolt positioned in the holes,:a radially enlarged tightening element disposed on each end of said bolt, at least one of said elements being threadedly mounted thereon, a flat. washer disposed between each plate and its adjacent tightening element and having substantially flat, inwardly extending, prong means therein, and a split, lock washer seated Within said fiat washer with its split end located adjacent an edge of said prong means, the combined thickness of said prong means and lock washer not exceeding that of theencircling'flat washer, and the abutting face of each of said tightening elements extending circumferentially beyond the adjacent aperture of the flat washer so as to seal same against pas sage of moisture. I

* SE'II-I'C. GEORGE.

REFERENCES CITED I The f ollowingreferences are of record i'n't he file'of this patent: a 1 7 1 UNITEDVS'IATES PATENTS Number Acker Nov. 24, 1925 OTHER REFERENCES I 2 erican Machinist, vol. 15', No. "4, 1916, page 

